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Το χρέος του ελέους - Pemptousia

🌐 Quote shown in the original Greek — English translation below

… Είναι τόσο συχνή η αναφορά του Ματθαίου στο θέμα της ουρανίου Βασιλείας, ώστε το Ευαγγέλιό του να ονομάζεται Ευαγγέλιο της Βασιλείας. Από την επί του όρους Ομιλία (κεφ. 5-7) έως και το Ευαγγέλιο της κρίσεως (κεφ. 25) ο Κύριος προτρέπει τους μαθητές Του να επιζητούν πρώτα απ’ όλα την «βασιλείαν του Θεού και την δικαιοσύνην αυτού» (ο. π. στ’ 33), τονίζοντας, με νόημα, ότι στην Βασιλεία Του εισέρχεται «ου πας ο λέγων Κύριε Κύριε, αλλ’ ο ποιων το θέλημα του πατρός (του) του εν ουρανοίς» (ο. π. ζ’ 21) και ότι η τελική κρίση θα γίνη με βάση την εφαρμογή εμπράκτως του λόγου Του «αγαπήσεις Κύριον τον Θεόν σου… και τον πλησίον σου ως σεαυτόν» (ο. π. κβ’ 37-39).

Στην συγκεκριμένη παραβολή «ωμοιώθη η βασιλεία των ουρανών ανθρώπω βασιλεί, ος ηθέλησε συνάραι λόγον μετά των δούλων αυτού» (Ματθ. ιη’ 23). Κάποιος βασιλιάς, λοιπόν, θέλησε να λογαριαστή με τους δούλους του. «Αρξαμένου δε αυτού …

For · the will of the Father
Sentiment: positive

The speaker emphasizes that true followers are those who do the will of the Father.

🇬🇧 English translation

The Debt of Mercy - Pemptousia

“Should you not have had mercy on your fellow servant, just as I had mercy on you?” (Matt. 18:33). Once again, the compassionate Lord reminds us of our duty toward our brothers, our “fellow servants” in the Lord. To be precise, He does not ask us to do something that He Himself did not do, but urges us to imitate His own example. Throughout His earthly life, He was the merciful and philanthropic Lord: He scattered His mercy among His needy fellow human beings, willingly healed their diseases, and tenderly soothed their pain. And while He rarely received gratitude for His bountiful gifts, nevertheless, upon the Cross, He sealed the demonstration of His infinite mercy by forgiving all, without exception, of His crucifiers: “Father, forgive them, for they know not what they do.” (Luke 23:34).

It is of such a magnanimous and forgiving King that Matthew speaks in one of His parables of the kingdom of heaven, the parable of the ten thousand talents (Matt. 18:23-35), as it is more commonly known. Matthew's reference to the subject of the heavenly Kingdom is so frequent that his Gospel is called the Gospel of the Kingdom. From the Sermon on the Mount (ch. 5-7) to the Gospel of Judgment (ch. 25), the Lord urges His disciples to seek first of all the “kingdom of God and His righteousness” (Matt. 6:33), meaningfully emphasizing that into His Kingdom enters “not everyone who says to Me, ‘Lord, Lord,’ but he who does the will of My Father in heaven” (Matt. 7:21), and that the final judgment will be based on the practical application of His word: “You shall love the Lord your God… and your neighbor as yourself” (Matt. 22:37-39).

In this specific parable, “the kingdom of heaven was likened to a king who wished to settle accounts with his servants” (Matt. 18:23). A certain king, then, wanted to settle accounts with his servants. “And when he began to settle accounts, they brought to him one who owed him ten thousand talents” (v. 24). If one considers that one talent is equivalent to approximately 240 gold pounds, then one easily realizes that we are talking about a debt amounting to approximately 2.5 million pounds.

The Fathers characteristically comment that this enormous sum symbolizes the multitude of our sins. It is enough to think that a person cannot live even one day on earth without sinning, as the many-suffering Job also mentions (Job 4:1). The truth of his confession can be guaranteed, better than anyone, by the ascetics of the desert—those who struggled hard, until the end, to face multiple trials and to eradicate various passions and “persistent” sin.

Indeed, who can save man from this heavy burden of sins? Who has the power to erase this enormous debt? Only one who “canceled the handwriting of our sins,” our King and Lord, who, through His cruciform sacrifice, granted us eternal redemption and salvation.

So it is in the above passage. To the indebted servant, who begs his master to “be patient” regarding the repayment of his debt, the master ultimately grants him the entire debt and his freedom! True nobility, a real example of royal behavior! How many earthly kings, truly, undertake such a generous act?

The majority, on the contrary, take the opportunity to press the “servants” even more and increase their profits, just as the king of the passage initially did, who demanded from his servant “to sell [him], his wife, his children, and all that he had” (Matt. 18:25-27). Of course, such a demand from a master to his servant should not surprise us at all, as it was completely legal according to the Jewish law and Roman law of the time.

Behind the compassionate king of the parable, the Fathers see the philanthropic heavenly King, to whom we daily ask in our prayers to forgive our debts, our myriad daily sins, just as we promise to do, in our turn, to our brothers: “…and forgive us our debts, as we also have forgiven our debtors.”

But did we do this, or did we do what the servant of the passage did to his fellow servant, “who owed him a hundred denarii, and seizing him, he began to choke him, saying, ‘Pay me what you owe!’” (Matt. 18:28)? And while our fellow servant begs us to be patient, do we perhaps condemn him, like the merciless servant—who, however, had been benefited by his master—to imprisonment for a hundred denarii?

Truly, how hard-hearted we become toward our indebted brother, whom we “choke” for such a trivial amount—less than a single euro today! But above all, how ungrateful we become toward our benefactor, the Lord! While He definitively erased the debt of our countless sins and granted us our freedom forever, we prove, in the end, worthy of His boundless benevolence!

There are, however—fortunately—and conscientious people who, seeing the behavior of the ungrateful servant, “were exceedingly sorry… and going, they made known to his master all that had happened” (v. 31). It is, truly, very hopeful that in every age, and in our own, some, even if few, are disturbed by injustice and do not cease to condemn it, at whatever cost! Well, you might ask, does the Lord God not know injustice? Does He wait for humans to report it? Certainly He knows it, as the Omniscient. It is simply that Matthew, like the other Evangelists, emphasizes each time the role of the human factor, which cooperates in the work of God.

What Matthew emphasizes even more, however, is that the Lord is a strict but just judge and that His judgment, ultimately, is “without mercy to the one who did not show mercy” (James 2:13). Therefore, He poses the logical question to the “wicked servant”: “Should you not have had mercy on your fellow servant, just as I had mercy on you?” (v. 33).

A truly terrifying question: “Do we not also have a debt to show mercy to our brother, just as He showed mercy to us with His infinite mercy?” If we do not do it, then we are lying when, in the Sunday Prayer, we ask Him to forgive our debts—that is, to grant us the remission of sins—just as we do to our brother. Behold, why in the above question of our Lord we ultimately have nothing to answer, and we remain guiltily silent, just like the “wicked” servant.

Then the Lord, “being angry, delivered him to the tormentors until he should pay all that was due to him” (v. 34). The Fathers, in addition to the righteous anger of the Lord, emphasize at this point the exemplary handing over of the servant to the “tormentors” and his referral to eternal condemnation, as implied by the phrase “until he should pay all that was due to him” (v. 34).

Thus is explained the moral lesson with which the above passage concludes: “So likewise My heavenly Father will do to you, if each of you does not forgive his brother from his heart” (v. 35). Ultimately, the Lord does not condemn us; what “condemns” us is that we do not show mercy, with our heart, for the small “transgressions” of our brother, that we do not show patience but hold grudges and choke him with malice, greed, and our many other passions.

And all this we, the small-minded and unrepentant humans, do, even though we have received the unique, the invaluable, and the most precious gift of salvation from our magnanimous Lord, He who scatters His great mercy bountifully “…upon the evil and the good… upon the just and the unjust” (Matt. 5:45).

After this supreme gift, for which we are not even worthy, one wonders, like Peter, how many times must I forgive my brother? The Lord's answer is not the answer of a righteous man, but of an infinitely merciful God: “I do not say to you, up to seven times, but up to seventy times seven” (Matt. 18:22).

Let us, then, as humble servants of the Lord, take care to render to our brother, our “fellow servant” in Christ, the debt of our mercy, magnanimously and “from a pure heart,” so that we may attain His great and saving mercy, now and forever and unto all eternity. Amen!

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